{"query": "The neuron — the membrane potential", "count": 20, "results": [{"id": "card_mind_the_neuron", "title": "The neuron — the membrane potential", "shelf": "codex", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "A nerve impulse is a wave of voltage across a membrane, set by ion gradients through the Nernst equation (61.5 mV per decade at body temperature, sealed). The resting potential and every action potent", "authority_tier": "engine_derived", "source": "Narrow Highway — the mind", "readable": false, "generated": false}, {"id": "card_theory_neuroscience", "title": "Neurons & the action potential (how a nerve carries a signal)", "shelf": "theories", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "Neurons & the action potential (how a nerve carries a signal) — an engine domain that can touch it: medicine. Calibration: seals — conduction velocities, membrane potentials and Nernst equilibria comp", "authority_tier": "reference", "source": "The Theory Assay — calibrated, not judged (docs/THEORY_CATALOG.md)", "readable": false, "generated": false}, {"id": "card_n_ras7gate0recv", "title": "The Reticular Activating System — the gate of reception", "shelf": "codex", "surface": "witness", "snippet": "The reticular activating system is the confirmed biology of reception — the tissue that decides what reaches awareness.\n\nIn the brainstem sits the reticular formation, a netlike core of neurons. Its a", "authority_tier": "operator", "source": "Narrow Highway assay — 2026-07-23", "readable": false, "generated": false}, {"id": "card_bridge_master_nernst_potential", "title": "Master equation: V = (RT / zF) * ln(C_out / C_in)", "shelf": "bridges", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "a voltage from the log of a concentration ratio — the same equation in a battery and a neuron. ONE equation, 2 domains, connected by a change of variable: electrochemistry [the electrode potential of ", "authority_tier": "reference", "source": "The Bridges — cross-domain isomorphisms", "readable": false, "generated": false}, {"id": "card_bridge_theory_neuroscience__electromagnetic_spectrum", "title": "Bridge: Neurons & the action potential (how a nerve carries a signal)  ↔  The electromagnetic spectrum & modulation (radio to gamma, one axis)", "shelf": "bridges", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "Neurons & the action potential (how a nerve carries a signal) and The electromagnetic spectrum & modulation (radio to gamma, one axis) are the same form in different domains. the action potential is A", "authority_tier": "reference", "source": "The Bridges — cross-domain isomorphisms", "readable": false, "generated": false}, {"id": "card_floor_the_mind", "title": "The mind — matter aware of itself", "shelf": "codex", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "The top rung of the emergence ladder: physics -> chemistry -> life -> mind. The neuron signals by electrochemistry (a Nernst voltage), the brain computes (networks, information), and it is metabolical", "authority_tier": "engine_derived", "source": "Narrow Highway — the mind", "readable": false, "generated": false}, {"id": "card_src_openstax_biology_ap_courses_26_2_how_neurons_communicate_514ebb93", "title": "26.2 How Neurons Communicate — Biology for AP® Courses", "shelf": "biology", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "26.2\n\nHow Neurons Communicate\n\nIn this section, you will explore the following questions:\n\nWhat is the basis of the resting membrane potential?\n\nWhat are the stages of an action potential, and how are", "authority_tier": "reference", "source": "OpenStax: Biology for AP® Courses (CC-BY 4.0)", "readable": false, "generated": false}, {"id": "card_src_openstax_anatomy_and_physiology_12_5_communication_between_neurons_a7be2faf", "title": "12.5 Communication Between Neurons — Anatomy and Physiology", "shelf": "medicine", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "12.5\n\nCommunication Between Neurons\n\nLearning Objectives\nBy the end of this section, you will be able to:\n\nExplain the differences between the types of graded potentials\n\nCategorize the major neurotra", "authority_tier": "reference", "source": "OpenStax: Anatomy and Physiology (CC-BY 4.0)", "readable": false, "generated": false}, {"id": "card_src_openstax_anatomy_and_physiology_2e_12_5_communication_between_neurons_a7be2faf", "title": "12.5 Communication Between Neurons — Anatomy and Physiology 2e", "shelf": "medicine", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "12.5\n\nCommunication Between Neurons\n\nLearning Objectives\nBy the end of this section, you will be able to:\n\nExplain the differences between the types of graded potentials\n\nCategorize the major neurotra", "authority_tier": "reference", "source": "OpenStax: Anatomy and Physiology 2e (CC-BY 4.0)", "readable": false, "generated": false}, {"id": "card_src_openstax_anatomy_and_physiology_12_4_the_action_potential_401af334", "title": "12.4 The Action Potential — Anatomy and Physiology", "shelf": "medicine", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "12.4\n\nThe Action Potential\n\nLearning Objectives\nBy the end of this section, you will be able to:\n\nDescribe the components of the membrane that establish the resting membrane potential\n\nDescribe the ch", "authority_tier": "reference", "source": "OpenStax: Anatomy and Physiology (CC-BY 4.0)", "readable": false, "generated": false}, {"id": "card_src_openstax_anatomy_and_physiology_2e_12_4_the_action_potential_401af334", "title": "12.4 The Action Potential — Anatomy and Physiology 2e", "shelf": "medicine", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "12.4\n\nThe Action Potential\n\nLearning Objectives\nBy the end of this section, you will be able to:\n\nDescribe the components of the membrane that establish the resting membrane potential\n\nDescribe the ch", "authority_tier": "reference", "source": "OpenStax: Anatomy and Physiology 2e (CC-BY 4.0)", "readable": false, "generated": false}, {"id": "card_src_openstax_biology_35_2_how_neurons_communicate_72cfcf6f", "title": "35.2 How Neurons Communicate — Biology", "shelf": "biology", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "35.2\n\nHow Neurons Communicate\n\nLearning ObjectivesBy the end of this section, you will be able to:\n\nDescribe the basis of the resting membrane potential\n\nExplain the stages of an action potential and ", "authority_tier": "reference", "source": "OpenStax: Biology (CC-BY 4.0)", "readable": false, "generated": false}, {"id": "card_src_openstax_biology_2e_35_2_how_neurons_communicate_2970bff8", "title": "35.2 How Neurons Communicate — Biology 2e", "shelf": "biology", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "35.2\n\nHow Neurons Communicate\n\nLearning Objectives\nBy the end of this section, you will be able to do the following:\n\nDescribe the basis of the resting membrane potential\n\nExplain the stages of an act", "authority_tier": "reference", "source": "OpenStax: Biology 2e (CC-BY 4.0)", "readable": false, "generated": false}, {"id": "card_src_openstax_biology_2e_chapter_summary_000aa568", "title": "Chapter Summary — Biology 2e", "shelf": "biology", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "Chapter Summary\n\n35.1\n\nNeurons and Glial Cells\n\nThe nervous system is made up of neurons and glia. Neurons are specialized cells that are capable of sending electrical as well as chemical signals. Mos", "authority_tier": "reference", "source": "OpenStax: Biology 2e (CC-BY 4.0)", "readable": false, "generated": false}, {"id": "card_src_openstax_biology_chapter_summary_b71d4743", "title": "Chapter Summary — Biology", "shelf": "biology", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "Chapter Summary\n\n35.1\n\nNeurons and Glial Cells\n\nThe nervous system is made up of neurons and glia. Neurons are specialized cells that are capable of sending electrical as well as chemical signals. Mos", "authority_tier": "reference", "source": "OpenStax: Biology (CC-BY 4.0)", "readable": false, "generated": false}, {"id": "card_src_openstax_biology_ap_courses_chapter_summary_b7b2309e", "title": "Chapter Summary — Biology for AP® Courses", "shelf": "biology", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "Chapter Summary\n\n26.1\n\nNeurons and Glial Cells\n\nThe nervous system is made up of neurons and glia. Neurons are specialized cells that are capable of sending electrical as well as chemical signals. Mos", "authority_tier": "reference", "source": "OpenStax: Biology for AP® Courses (CC-BY 4.0)", "readable": false, "generated": false}, {"id": "card_src_openstax_biology_2e_review_questions_c160382f", "title": "Review Questions — Biology 2e", "shelf": "biology", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "Review Questions\n\n4.\n\nNeurons contain ________, which can receive signals from other neurons.\n\naxons\n\nmitochondria\n\ndendrites\n\nGolgi bodies\n\n5.\n\nA(n) ________ neuron has one axon and one dendrite exte", "authority_tier": "reference", "source": "OpenStax: Biology 2e (CC-BY 4.0)", "readable": false, "generated": false}, {"id": "card_src_openstax_biology_review_questions_36186e04", "title": "Review Questions — Biology", "shelf": "biology", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "Review Questions\n\n4.\n\nNeurons contain ________, which can receive signals from other neurons.\n\naxons\n\nmitochondria\n\ndendrites\n\nGolgi bodies\n\n5.\n\nA(n) ________ neuron has one axon and one dendrite exte", "authority_tier": "reference", "source": "OpenStax: Biology (CC-BY 4.0)", "readable": false, "generated": false}, {"id": "card_src_openstax_introduction_behavioral_neuroscience_key_terms_6b668cc6", "title": "Key Terms — Introduction to Behavioral Neuroscience", "shelf": "reference", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "Key Terms\n\n2.1\n\nNeural Communication\n\nNeurotransmitters,\nAction potentials,\nChemical synapses,\nSynaptic cleft,\nPre-synaptic,\nPre-synaptic terminal,\nPost-synaptic,\nPost-synaptic terminal,\nExcitatory Po", "authority_tier": "reference", "source": "OpenStax: Introduction to Behavioral Neuroscience (CC-BY 4.0)", "readable": false, "generated": false}, {"id": "card_src_openstax_anatomy_and_physiology_2e_key_terms_b2708ba0", "title": "Key Terms — Anatomy and Physiology 2e", "shelf": "medicine", "surface": "secular", "snippet": "Key Terms\n\nabsolute refractory period time during an action period when another action potential cannot be generated because the voltage-gated Na+ channel is inactivated\n\naction potential change in vo", "authority_tier": "reference", "source": "OpenStax: Anatomy and Physiology 2e (CC-BY 4.0)", "readable": false, "generated": false}], "house": {"door": "FIND", "kind": "cards", "trail": "results", "seal": null, "next_step": {"do": "open the top card", "door": "FIND", "tool": "card_get", "params": {"id": "card_mind_the_neuron"}}, "ends": "a verdict or a card · the trail · a seal · one next step"}}