{"id": "card_n_d21234784614", "kind": "note", "title": "La Rochefoucauld 215: Perfect bravery and sheer cowardice are two extremes rarely found.", "body": "Perfect bravery and sheer cowardice are two extremes rarely found. The space between them is vast, and embraces all other sorts of courage. The difference between them is not less than between faces and tempers. Men will freely expose themselves at the beginning of an action, and relax and be easily discouraged if it should last. Some are content to satisfy worldly honour, and beyond that will do little else. Some are not always equally masters of their timidity. Others allow themselves to be overcome by panic; others charge because they dare not remain at their posts. Some may be found whose courage is strengthened by small perils, which prepare them to face greater dangers. Some will dare a sword cut and flinch from a bullet; others dread bullets little and fear to fight with swords. These varied kinds of courage agree in this, that night, by increasing fear and concealing gallant or cowardly actions, allows men to spare themselves. There is even a more general discretion to be observed, for we meet with no man who does all he would have done if he were assured of getting off scot-free; so that it is certain that the fear of death does somewhat subtract from valour. [See also \"Table Talk of Napoleon,\" who agrees with this, so far as to say that few, but himself, had a two o'clock of the morning valour.]", "source": {"label": "François de La Rochefoucauld, Maxims (1665)", "url": "", "ref": "laroch_215", "authority_tier": "external_aligned"}, "shelf": "classics", "box": "larochefoucauld_maxims", "bands": ["larochefoucauld", "maxims", "moralist", "post_christian"], "connections": [{"to_card_id": "card_n_d50827849044", "relationship": "same_section", "origin": "nesting_2026_06_12"}, {"to_card_id": "card_n_d19f3d94e92c", "relationship": "same_section", "origin": "nesting_2026_06_12"}, {"to_card_id": "card_spine_classics", "relationship": "member_of", "evidence": "a member of the classics shelf in the keeping"}], "author": "engine", "created_at": "2026-05-19T13:20:58.947684+00:00", "updated_at": "2026-05-19T13:20:58.947693+00:00", "visibility": "public", "lifecycle_stage": "public", "volatility": "permanent", "metrics": {"paperclips_count": 0, "helpful_count": 0, "not_helpful_count": 0, "cite_count": 0, "walks_through_count": 0, "flagged_count": 0}, "source_hash": "99cef11d8f428054dae3eb5dac9727cb83841033a2deed873cbe3605ddf5e6d4", "witnesses": [{"class": "manuscript_tradition", "label": "First edition, Paris 1665 — Barbin imprint", "ref": "LR-1665"}, {"class": "critical_edition", "label": "Pleiade edition — Truchet (Gallimard, 1964)", "ref": "Pleiade-LR"}, {"class": "translation", "label": "Tancock translation (Penguin Classics, 1959)", "ref": "Tancock-1959"}, {"class": "republication", "label": "Project Gutenberg — Maxims", "url": "https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/9105", "ref": "PG-9105"}, {"class": "republication", "label": "Internet Archive — multiple editions", "url": "https://archive.org/search?query=la+rochefoucauld+maxims", "ref": "IA-LR"}], "witness_status": "passed", "witness_status_reason": "5 witnesses across 4 independence classes: ['critical_edition', 'manuscript_tradition', 'republication', 'translation']", "surface": "secular", "call": "classics.larochefoucauld.maxims", "facets": {"subject": ["moralist", "post_christian"]}, "presentation": {"glyph": "•", "kind_label": "larochefoucauld maxims", "by": "François de La Rochefoucauld, Maxims (1665)", "authority": "external_aligned", "posted": "", "standing": ""}, "neighbors": [{"id": "card_n_d50827849044", "title": "La Rochefoucauld 214: Valour in common soldiers is a perilous method of earning their living.", "relationship": "same section", "why": "", "href": "/card/card_n_d50827849044", "resolved": true}, {"id": "card_n_d19f3d94e92c", "title": "La Rochefoucauld 268: We credit judges with the meanest motives, and yet we desire our reputation a...", "relationship": "same section", "why": "", "href": "/card/card_n_d19f3d94e92c", "resolved": true}, {"id": "card_spine_classics", "title": "The classics — the great books, kept whole", "relationship": "on the shelf of", "why": "a member of the classics shelf in the keeping", "href": "/card/card_spine_classics", "resolved": true}]}